<div dir="ltr">Jani,<div><br></div><div>InternationalString contains only 1..n String elements. Each string element has the following set of attributes: xml:lang, isTranslated, isTranslatable, translationSourceLanguage, and translationDate. </div><div><br></div><div>We made a large number of objects (elements and attributes) optional to support creating metadata at varying points in the production process. This is one of those cases. All Maintainable objects have an optional xml:lang which can be inherited by the content. This is common in cases where all of the content is of a single language. Clearly multiple strings would be confusing without xml:lang attributes and those using multiple languages should make use of the available metadata objects to clarify the situation. DDIProfile can be used by organizations to tighten up requirements for various production levels such as publication. </div><div><br></div><div>The XML structure is given below.</div><div><br></div><div>Wendy</div><div><br></div><div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:complexType name="InternationalStringType"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>Packaging structure for multiple language versions of the same string content. Where an element of this type is repeatable, the expectation is that each repetition contains different content, each of which can be expressed in multiple languages. The language designation goes on the individual String.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:sequence></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:element ref="String" maxOccurs="unbounded"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>A non-formatted string of text with an attribute that designates the language of the text. Repeat this object to express the same content in another language.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:element></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:sequence></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:complexType></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:element name="String" type="StringType"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>Allows for non-formatted strings that may be translations from other languages, or that may be translatable into other languages. Only one string per language/location type is allowed.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:element></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:complexType name="StringType"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>Allows for non-formatted strings that may be translations from other languages, or that may be translatable into other languages. Only one string per language/location type is allowed. String contains the following attributes, xml:lang to designate the language, isTranslated with a default value of false to designate if an object is a translation of another language, isTranslatable with a default value of true to designate if the content can be translated, translationSourceLanguage to indicate the source languages used in creating this translation, and translationDate.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:simpleContent></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:extension base="xs:string"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>Indicates the language of content. Note that xml:lang allows for a simple 2 or 3 character language code or a language code extended by a country code , for example en-au for English as used in Australia.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:attribute></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:attribute name="isTranslated" type="xs:boolean" default="false"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>Indicates whether content is a translation (true) or an original (false).</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:attribute></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:attribute name="isTranslatable" type="xs:boolean" default="true"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>Indicates whether content is translatable (true) or not (false). An example of something that is not translatable would be a MNEMONIC of an object or a number.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:attribute></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:attribute name="translationSourceLanguage" type="LanguageList" use="optional"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>List the language or language codes in a space delimited array. The language original may or may not be provided in this bundle of language specific strings.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:attribute></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:attribute name="translationDate" type="xs:date" use="optional"></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span><xs:documentation>The date the content was translated. Provision of translation date allows user to verify if translation was available during data collection or other time linked activity.</xs:documentation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:annotation></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:attribute></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:extension></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:simpleContent></div><div><span class="" style="white-space:pre"> </span></xs:complexType></div></div><div><br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Dec 9, 2014 at 4:16 PM, Jani Hautamäki <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:Jani.Hautamaki@staff.uta.fi" target="_blank">Jani.Hautamaki@staff.uta.fi</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir="ltr">
<div style="font-size:12pt;color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">
<p>In DDI-Lifecycle 3.2 all elements which are instances of<br>
<br>
{ddi:reusable:3_2}InternationalStringType<br>
<br>
must have one or more <r:String> elements. <br>
The field-level specification for InternationalStringType<br>
<br>
<a href="http://www.ddialliance.org/Specification/DDI-Lifecycle/3.2/XMLSchema/FieldLevelDocumentation/schemas/reusable_xsd/complexTypes/StringType.html" target="_blank">http://www.ddialliance.org/Specification/DDI-Lifecycle/3.2/XMLSchema/FieldLevelDocumentation/schemas/reusable_xsd/complexTypes/StringType.html</a><br>
<br>
states that<br>
<br>
"Allows for non-formatted strings that may be translations <br>
from other languages, or that may be translatable into <br>
other languages. Only one string per language/location type <br>
is allowed. String contains the following attributes, <br>
xml:lang to designate the language, [...]"<br>
<br>
However, the XML Schema for DDI-Lifecycle 3.2 allows<br>
the elements of r:InternationalStringType to have multiple <r:String><br>
children without any xml:lang attributes designating language/country/etc.<br>
<br>
For instance, the following XML document is VALID<br>
with respect to DDI-Lifecycle 3.2 XML Schema,<br>
<br>
---8<---8<---8<---<br>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><br>
<ddi:DDIInstance <br>
xmlns:ddi="ddi:instance:3_2" <br>
xmlns:r="ddi:reusable:3_2" <br>
xmlns:s="ddi:studyunit:3_2" <br>
><br>
<br>
<r:Agency><a href="http://acme.org" target="_blank">acme.org</a></r:Agency><br>
<r:ID>ddi_instance</r:ID><br>
<r:Version>1</r:Version><br>
<r:URN>urn:ddi:acme.org:another_ddi_instance:1</r:URN><br>
<br>
<s:StudyUnit><br>
<r:Agency><a href="http://acme.org" target="_blank">acme.org</a></r:Agency><br>
<r:ID>study_unit</r:ID><br>
<r:Version>1</r:Version><br>
<br>
<r:Citation><br>
<r:Title><br>
<!-- Use of @xml:lang is optional --><br>
<r:String>voisi olla suomeksi</r:String><br>
<r:String>could be in english too</r:String><br>
</r:Title><br>
</r:Citation><br>
<br>
</s:StudyUnit><br>
</ddi:DDIInstance><br>
---8<---8<---8<---<br>
<br>
In the document above, the <r:Title> has two <r:String> elements,<br>
both in different language, but without any xml:lang attributes,<br>
sinsce the XML Schema does not require it.<br>
<br>
My question is then:<br>
<br>
Is it a bug in the XML Schema of r:InternationalStringType<br>
that it allows instances of <r:String> without xml:lang attribute?<br>
<br>
If not, which language/country should be assumed for such an element?<br>
Futhermore, when there are two or more <r:String> elements<br>
without the xml:lang attribute, which one of them should be used?<br>
<br>
It is possible to force xml:lang attribute for r:StringType.<br>
However, in my opinion, it might be more desirable to simply </p>
<p>use attribute "lang" instead "xml:lang" for that purpose...<br>
<br>
</p>
</div>
</div>
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<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature"><div>Wendy L. Thomas Phone: +1 612.624.4389</div><div>Data Access Core Director Fax: +1 612.626.8375</div><div>Minnesota Population Center Email: <a href="mailto:wlt@umn.edu" target="_blank">wlt@umn.edu</a></div><div>University of Minnesota</div><div>50 Willey Hall</div><div>225 19th Avenue South</div><div>Minneapolis, MN 55455</div></div>
</div>